What term refers to a traditional hierarchical organizational structure with specialized functions and a vertical chain of command?

What term refers to a traditional hierarchical organizational structure with specialized functions and a vertical chain of command?

• A. Just-in-time
• B. Intrinsic rewards
• C. Job enlargement
• D. Functional/structural model

Answer: (D)

This is about how work is organized in a traditional company. A functional or structural model groups activities into specialized departments—marketing, finance, operations, human resources—creating a clear vertical chain of command from top to bottom. Authority and decision-making flow down through the hierarchy, and roles are clearly defined by function. This setup emphasizes expertise within each function and tight supervision, which fits the description of a traditional hierarchical structure with a vertical line of authority. That’s why this term is the best fit. Just-in-time describes inventory and production scheduling, intrinsic rewards relate to what motivates people, and job enlargement refers to broadening a job’s tasks. None of those describe the overall organizational design as clearly as the functional/structural model.

This is about how work is organized in a traditional company. A functional or structural model groups activities into specialized departments—marketing, finance, operations, human resources—creating a clear vertical chain of command from top to bottom. Authority and decision-making flow down through the hierarchy, and roles are clearly defined by function. This setup emphasizes expertise within each function and tight supervision, which fits the description of a traditional hierarchical structure with a vertical line of authority.

That’s why this term is the best fit. Just-in-time describes inventory and production scheduling, intrinsic rewards relate to what motivates people, and job enlargement refers to broadening a job’s tasks. None of those describe the overall organizational design as clearly as the functional/structural model.